Finding autumn birds

Autumn is a popular birding season due to migration, cooler temperatures and beautiful foliage. But where are the best places to find migrating birds?

Migration Flyways. Many national wildlife refuges and nature preserves are located along migration corridors. For instance, the Atlantic Flyway stretches from the Arctic Circle down the Atlantic Coast and along the Appalachian Mountains, and heading into the Caribbean Sea. This route includes eastern Pennsylvania. Watch for migrating flocks, waterfowl, shorebirds and local birds.

South Shores. The southern shores of lakes, bays and wide rivers are popular congregating places for migrating birds to rest after crossing the water. The best areas also have mud flats or scrub woodlands near the shore for better foraging. Watch for warblers, songbirds, shorebirds and wading birds.

Cliffs and Mountains. As the morning sun warms the autumn air, thermal currents rise along the edges of cliffs and mountains, making soaring flights much easier. Expect to see migrating raptors in large groups. Watch for hawks, eagles and other raptors.

Parks and Orchards. Late-blooming flowers or fruit harvests attract a bounty of insects, nectar and other food for birds. Migrating birds concentrate in one area if food is scarce elsewhere. Watch for hummingbirds, songbirds, flycatchers and warblers.

Agricultural Fields. After harvest, spilled grain and newly turned fields are ideal places to find bird species that eat grains. If there are nearby trees for shelter, all the better. Watch for game birds, cranes, shorebirds and blackbirds.

Pine Forests. Coniferous forests yield abundant seed crops that are popular for feeding. Many birds may stay in the same area all winter; as they forage, they can be easier to see. Watch for finches, redpolls and crossbills.

Coastal Shores. Many birds that breed far north will head to coastal shores in winter. Their arrival can be spectacular. Watch for gulls, ducks, waterfowl, shorebirds and geese.

Scenic Drives. Many scenic routes are planned for fall foliage but they can also be great for birding. Watch for songbirds and warblers.

Bird Festivals. Fall festivals are planned to take advantage of peak migration. Check websites, such as Cape May's and Hawk Mountain's, for events. Watch for winter residents and migrants.

Bird-Friendly Backyards. You can find great birding in your own backyard with the right food to help. Watch for songbirds, hummingbirds and migrating birds.

Tip: Revisit hot spots frequently to get the most out of the fall migration.